Niels Bohr
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Profile / Biography
Niels Bohr was one of the most important names in physics in the 20th century, an expatriate Danish Jew who fled the Nazis in World War II and contributed to the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos.
Bohr was born in Copenhagen in 1885, and received his doctorate from Copenhagen University in 1911. Bohr was the first physicist to posit the theory that electrons traveled in orbits around a nucleus, known as Bohr’s model of atomic structure. He also established the basis for quantum theory.
In 1922, Bohr was awarded a Nobel Prize for his work on atom structure. At this time, he was a Professor at the Copenhagen University in the department of Theoretical Physics.
Like other famous physicists and intellectuals of Jewish descent, Bohr had to flee Denmark when the occupying Nazis began making arrests in 1943. He went to America, where he worked as a “father confessor” on the Manhattan Project, which was headed by one of his former students, Werner Heisenberg. He firmly believed that an arms race should be avoided and continued to advocate for the open study of the atom until his death in 1962, in his native Copenhagen.
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